Encyclopedia article on the textile manufacturing industry, centered on the United States with comparisons to Great Britain, France, Germany, India, China and Japan. It uses census statistics from 1850 to 1910 on establishments, capital, wage earners, wages and value of products. Eight tables cover consumption of cotton, wool and silk, world cotton supply and spindles, numbers of power and hand looms, and silk products in 1909. The text also discusses what drives the location and growth of the cotton, wool and silk industries, including the rise of Southern cotton mills, and closes with a short bibliography.