US Patent No. 518,274, granted April 17, 1894 to Charles A. Praray of Providence, Rhode Island, for an improved building construction aimed at mills and other large buildings. Iron columns on separate piers carry the floor beams, while the outer walls, with bayed surfaces and pilasters, stand on their own foundations and carry no floor load. The patent includes a drawing sheet with six figures, a specification and five claims; the advantages cited are cheaper walls, more window space, easier removal of walls after a fire, and protection of beam ends from rot.

A single-page decorative frontispiece for a publication titled The Thread City, showing an engraved panoramic view of a town skyline with church spires and buildings along a shore. Script lettering at the top gives the title, and the text identifies the place as Willimantic, Connecticut. It contains no weaving drafts or technical content.

A single hand-tinted photographic postcard showing the Old Mill at Etobicoke, Toronto. The sepia-toned image depicts a multi-storey stone mill ruin with many small window openings beside a still pond, with trees at the left and a figure near the water's edge. The card carries no readable text and has no direct textile or weaving content.

A single-page engraved illustration of a large textile mill complex with multi-storey brick buildings, gabled roofs and two tall smoking chimneys. People in 19th-century dress walk in the foreground. The catalog record places it in Lowell, Massachusetts. The page carries no readable caption or text beyond a number, so the mill is not identified by name.

A popular magazine article from Technical World (1911) on the new profession of illuminating engineering and the proper use of artificial light. It uses examples such as a Chicago theater rescued from failure by indirect lighting, show windows, libraries, drafting rooms and homes. It compares incandescent, tungsten, mercury vapor, Moore tube and Cooper-Hewitt lighting, and covers glare, shadows, color of light, fatigue and the lumen. Photographs include a silk ribbon loom in a Paterson, N.J. mill shot under ordinary lights and under Cooper-Hewitt light, and a well-lit cotton mill.

A single page from an article on lighting textile mills by electrical engineer Neville S. Dickinson, discussing prismatic glass reflectors and porcelain-enameled steel reflectors. It covers light distribution, lamp spacing relative to mounting height, low-angle cut-off to avoid glare, and the use of bowl-frosted lamps. Photographs of reflector fixtures and polar distribution diagrams accompany the text.

Part 1 of an article from Posselt's Textile Journal (October 1907) on the importance of natural lighting in textile mills. It covers mill location and orientation, building construction, light shafts and courts, skylights and ventilators, Luxfer prism glass, and fire-resistant windows and shutters. It argues that good natural lighting improves employee health, output and quality, and costs less than artificial lighting over time.

Second installment of an article on lighting textile mills, from the Textile Engineering section of Posselt's Textile Journal. It covers skylights (saw-tooth, north-facing, wired glass, Luxfer prism glass), interior finishes and the light reflected by different wall colors, paint choice, floors, and the arrangement of shafting and columns. It then turns to artificial lighting, arguing that electric lighting (enclosed arc and high-candle-power incandescent lamps) is preferable to gas in mills.

A short Scientific American news item reporting that one owner of the Pemberton Mill has bought out his partner and plans to rebuild the mill promptly with a stronger building. It attributes the collapse to poorly cast iron columns, whose cores floated in the mold and left one side very thin, and to columns straightened while hot, which hid the defect. It cites testimony that a spinning frame fell through the floor first, and notes that the architect's specifications called for far greater strength.

A single grayscale photograph of Lousberg's textile mill in Ghent (Gent), Belgium. It shows a large multi-story mill building with rows of windows, an arched entrance and a tall smokestack, surrounded by other rooftops. A short printed caption identifies the mill.

A single color photograph of a multi-story brick textile mill building in Milford, New Hampshire, now converted to retirement housing. The mill stands beside a river or millrace, with a tall brick chimney on the left, rows of tall windows, a lighter-colored wing on the right, and a small cupola on the roof. The page carries no text beyond a number, so the image is the only content.

A single black-and-white photograph of a large brick textile mill building, identified in the catalog as Almyville Mill in Plainfield, Connecticut. It shows a tall square tower with a mansard-roofed cupola, a smokestack giving off smoke, and a long two-story wing with many windows. The page has no written text.

A single black-and-white photograph of the American Thread Company's Mill Number Six in Willimantic, Connecticut, dated 1907. It shows a large multi-storey brick mill with rows of tall arched windows and a corner tower, seen from a snowy street with pedestrians and a horse-drawn vehicle. The page has no legible text.

A hand-colored picture postcard showing the Old Mill and canal of the American Thread Company in Willimantic, Connecticut. It shows a white multi-story mill building beside a stone-edged canal, with grassy banks and trees in autumn and green foliage. The only printed text is a caption naming the company and location.

A colour picture postcard showing Cataract Falls at Saco, Maine. A waterfall pours over a dam beneath a steel truss bridge, with red-brick mill buildings and a tall brick tower beside it. The only printed text is the caption and card number. It is useful as visual evidence of a New England mill town waterfront.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing an elevated view of the Eclipse Mills in North Adams, Massachusetts. It depicts long brick mill buildings with slate roofs and a tall brick smokestack in the foreground. The only printed text is the caption naming the mills and their location.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing the Lockwood Mills in Waterville, Maine. It depicts a row of multi-story red brick mill buildings with a tall smokestack, beside a dam with a waterfall spilling across the river. The only text is the printed caption identifying the mills and their location.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing a view of a mill complex in Manchester, New Hampshire. It depicts long multi-story brick mill buildings with rows of windows, a tall smokestack emitting smoke, and a church nearby. The printed caption identifies it as the No. 11 Mill and McGregorville.

A black-and-white photographic picture postcard showing the Oxford Mills textile mill complex at Rumford Falls, Maine. The view shows a long multi-story brick factory building with many windows and several tall smokestacks. The only printed text is the caption and a 1906 copyright line crediting H. J. Reynolds.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing the Riverside Mill and the river at Pittsfield, Maine. The view shows a tree-lined riverbank, a weir or dam across the water, and a large multi-storey mill building with a chimney and cupola. The only text is the printed caption.

A single scanned sheet showing two hand-colored picture postcards of the Sanford Mills in Sanford, Maine. One view shows mill buildings along a river with bare trees and water reflections, and the other shows the long mill complex. The message side of one card carries a short personal note signed Sue, a publisher's imprint (G. H. Clark, Sanford, Maine) and a handwritten date that appears to be 1906.

A colorized picture postcard showing the textile mills of Biddeford and Saco, Maine. It depicts multi-story red brick mill buildings with rows of windows and a tall brick smokestack beside a canal or river with a stone wall. The only printed text is the caption and a publisher or card number.

A hand-colored picture postcard showing the Waterhouse & Howard Mill in North Adams, Massachusetts. The image depicts a multi-story brick mill building with a tower and arched window, with trees, pedestrians and a horse-drawn wagon in the foreground. The only text is the printed caption identifying the mill and place.

A single black-and-white picture postcard showing the Watts Mills textile factory in Laurens, South Carolina. The image shows a long multi-story brick mill building with rows of arched windows and a tall smokestack emitting smoke. The only text is the printed caption identifying the mill and its location.

A single page showing two hand-colored picture postcards of textile mills. The upper card depicts the Eagle & Phenix Mills and dam in Columbus, Georgia, with red-brick buildings, smokestacks, a water tower, and a waterfall over the dam. The lower card is captioned as the Electric Power House and Columbia Duck Mill in Columbia, South Carolina.

Scan of two hand-colored picture postcards showing brick textile mill buildings with tall smokestacks along the Merrimack River in Lowell, Massachusetts. One card is captioned "Mill Frontage on Merrimack River, Lowell, Mass." The other carries a short handwritten message dated October 19, 1906, thanking the recipient for a postal card.

A single scanned sheet showing two hand-colored postcards of the Pepperell Mills in Biddeford, Maine. The upper card depicts a large brick mill complex with a clock tower, tall smokestacks, and a long multi-story mill building. The captions identify the mills, and a note records that the cards came from Mrs. Frank McMullin.

A 1907 article from the 'Textile Engineering' section of Posselt's Textile Journal arguing that textile manufacturers should consider reinforced concrete for new mills. It covers cost, speed of construction, fire resistance, tanks for dyers and bleachers, heat insulation, vibration, sanitation, foundations on swampy ground, concrete mixing and mixtures, and the steel reinforcement. Figs. 1-9 are patent-style diagrams of girders, columns and clamp-bars. The text continues in a later part.

A single-page stock certificate issued by The American Thread Company certifying that Gilbert J. Goulett owns shares of its common stock. The certificate has an ornate decorative border, '100' medallions in the corners, a thread spool vignette at the top, a circular seal and handwritten signatures. It is business ephemera relating to a thread manufacturer, with no weaving content.

A short passage from the journal Engineering describing a party visit to the cotton mills and weaving sheds of Messrs. Richard Howarth and Co., Limited, at Ordsal-lane, Salford. It notes that the firm's works were fully illustrated and described in 1894 in connection with the Institution of Mechanical Engineers summer meeting in Manchester, and that additions have since been made. The text is a brief introduction and gives no technical detail.

A 1907 journal article arguing that textile mills in the United States need artificial control of air temperature and humidity. It sets out the costs of dry, hot mill air (waste, machine stoppages, power use, poorer yarn and cloth quality, worker efficiency) and compares plenum, exhaust, and combined supply-and-exhaust ventilation. It concludes that a combination system best maintains uniform conditions. The text is a continuation, ends with "To be continued," and promises a later engineering discussion of humidifying devices.

A single-page letterhead of the Imperial Woolen Company of Manayunk, Philadelphia, dated April 4, 1903. It carries an engraved illustration of three views of the mill buildings with smokestacks beside a river, and lists James Dobson as president and J. Dobson Schofield as secretary and treasurer. It is a business document with no weaving content.

Part 1 of an International Textbook Co. instruction paper on mill engineering, covering the construction of textile mill buildings. It treats site selection (labor, markets, transportation, fuel, water supply), soils and foundations, footings, piles, foundation walls, mortar, brick and bricklaying, bonds, and measuring brickwork. It ends with slow-burning interior construction (floors, columns, roofs, monitors, fire-doors, windows) and a set of examination questions. It is illustrated with line drawings of footings, walls, bonds, piers, and a chimney; it is about building construction rather than weaving.

A one-page notice from White Oak Cotton Mills announcing its annual prizes for the best front yards and neatest premises in the mill village. It explains that the company supplies vines, shrubbery, flower and grass seeds, and bulbs, offers yard plowing, and asks residents to keep chickens penned. It lists six prize tiers from $15 down to $1, with a rule excluding earlier first and second prize winners from competing for the top prizes.

A single captioned photograph titled 'The Path of Progress', showing the interior of a weave room in a New England mill. The floor is densely covered with scrapped and discarded loom parts and machinery, with rows of iron columns and hanging lamps overhead. The only text is the title and the caption identifying the scene.

A single color photograph of a three-story red brick mill building with a dark gabled roof, rows of windows, and an exterior metal fire escape on the right side. Shrubbery and a chain-link fence run along the foreground. The page carries no written text, and the catalog record associates it with a Lowell mill boarding house.

A single page of three color photographs showing a riverside brick mill complex in Lowell, Massachusetts. The images show a large multistory mill with rows of windows and a tall brick smokestack beside a river with a small weir or waterfall. The catalog note describes it as a former textile and spinning mill, now largely abandoned. There is no text beyond a scan number.

A single black-and-white photograph of a multi-story brick mill building with dormer windows, a tall brick smokestack, and a low attached brick structure. A stream flows over what appears to be a dam or spillway in the foreground. The catalog identifies it as the Harris Cotton Mill in Plainfield, Connecticut; the page carries no legible text.

A single black-and-white photograph of a cotton mill complex, showing a tall brick smokestack and multi-story brick buildings with arched windows. A freight boxcar with a painted sign stands in the foreground. The page carries no readable text, so the content is identified from the image description and the catalog record, which names Lawton Cotton Mills in Plainfield, Connecticut.

A single black-and-white photograph of a village scene associated with the Plainfield Woolen Mills in Plainfield, Connecticut, circa 1910. It shows a multi-story mill building with a tall brick smokestack, with a church steeple, houses, trees and hills nearby. There is no text or weaving content.

A single black-and-white photograph of the Union Cotton Mill complex in Plainfield, Connecticut. It shows a long multi-storey brick mill building beside a canal or millrace, with bare-branched trees in front and a white two-storey house or office nearby. The page has no text.

A single black-and-white photograph of a large brick mill building with a central tower with arched openings, multiple rows of windows, and roof dormers. The building stands behind a lawn with a bare deciduous tree. The catalog record associates it with the Wauregan Cotton Mill in Wauregan, Connecticut. The page carries no legible text.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing the American Thread Co. mills in Milo, Maine. The image depicts a multi-story brick and wood mill building with a tall smokestack emitting smoke and workers gathered at the entrance. The only text is the printed caption identifying the mills and location.

A black-and-white picture postcard showing the Moosup Mills factory in Moosup, Connecticut. It depicts a long multi-story brick mill building with many windows and a tall smokestack, set against a wooded hillside. The only printed text is the caption identifying the mills and their location.

A black-and-white picture postcard showing the Willimantic Cotton Mills complex in Willimantic, Connecticut, seen across railroad tracks in winter with bare trees and a tall smokestack at left. The only printed text is the caption naming the Willimantic Cotton Mills Corporation.

A hand-colored picture postcard showing the Dunbarton Woolen Mill in Dexter, Maine. The view shows a multi-story mill building with a cupola and bell tower, a tall smokestack, and outbuildings beside a pond, with the mill and trees reflected in the water. The only text is the printed caption identifying the mill and its location.

A colored picture postcard showing the Hunter Machine Works in North Adams, Massachusetts. It depicts a multi-story red brick factory with arched windows and a chimney, with a dirt road in front. The only printed text is the caption naming the works and location.

A colored picture postcard showing an elevated view of the Mills of the Hope Webbing Co. in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. The image shows a large red-brick, multi-story mill complex around a central courtyard, with a tall smokestack. The only text is a printed caption naming the mills and location, plus numbers.

A single hand-colored picture postcard showing part of a rug mill complex in Amsterdam, New York, viewed through trees. It shows a multi-storey brick mill building, a tall smokestack emitting dark smoke, and lower brick industrial buildings. The printed caption is the only text.

A single picture postcard showing the Pioneer Woolen Mill in Pittsfield, Maine. The photographic view shows a multi-story brick factory with a bell tower, two tall smokestacks, and a long low wing in the foreground. The caption names the mill, and the imprint credits the Pittsfield Drug Store (H. H. Hatch, proprietor) as publisher.