A popular 1874 magazine article on the history of cotton manufacture, written for Harper's series on the first century of the United States. It traces cotton from antiquity and its arrival in Europe and America through the cotton gin, carding, and the spinning machines of Hargreaves, Arkwright and Crompton (jenny, water frame, mule). It then covers the power loom, the Jacquard attachment, and calico printing and dyeing, with engravings of the main machines.