A 1872 article from a multi-volume work on American industries giving a historical overview of cotton manufacture. It covers ancient cotton cloth in Egypt, India and China, how cotton is grown and ginned, and the inventions of Wyatt, Arkwright, Hargreaves, Crompton, Roberts and Whitney that mechanized spinning and weaving. It closes with the share of the U.S. crop manufactured domestically, thread count as a measure of fabric quality, and a comparison of American and English mills.