An encyclopedia article on cotton, covering the botany, cultivation, harvesting, ginning and diseases of the cotton plant, followed by a section on cotton manufacture. The manufacture section traces British cotton spinning from the distaff and spindle through Hargreaves's jenny, Arkwright's roller spinning and Compton's mule, and describes batting, carding, drawing, roving and spinning. It ends with a survey of commercial cotton grades by origin and figures on the growth of British cotton manufacture to 1801.