Encyclopedia biography of Sir Richard Arkwright (1732-1792), inventor of the water-frame for roller spinning of cotton. It covers his early career as a barber and wig-dealer, his patents of 1769 and 1775 and the legal disputes over them, the roller-drawing mechanism, and the mills at Cromford and with Jedediah Strutt. It also describes how his strong cotton warp yarn enabled all-cotton calicoes, the growth of cotton imports, and his family and character.