A Swatch Page column from Minnesota Weaver on designing with waffle weave, a point-twill-based structure with indented squares. It gives four-harness and eight-harness threading, tie-up and treadling drafts adapted from Mary Black, with yarn, sett and color details for three woven samples shown in photographs. A discussion section covers color effects, beat, fragile warps, edges, reversibility, and a Selander alternative draft, followed by a short bibliography.

Article by Elmer Wallace Hickman describing "Waffle Lace," a semi-open, three-level fabric woven on a four-harness waffle weave threading (4-3-2-1-2-1-2-3) using nylon, linen, carpet warp, Tensolite and Beadette or metallic gimp. It gives warp and weft yarns, sleying, treadling and tie-up, weaving and finishing tips, color schemes, and supply sources. Suggested uses include handbags, lamp shades, screens, and tray or table-top decoration. A converted graphic draft and an actual-size sample are included, plus a short biography of the author.

A 1927 installment of M. Loescher's series on patterning pullover fabrics, published in Melliand's Textilberichte. It presents weave patterns (Abb. 16-23) of the windmill (Mühlen), cock's-tread and ice-weave (Eisbindung) types, followed by waffle weaves (Waffelbindungen) with diagonal plain-weave lines. The text gives harness counts and repeat sizes (such as 8 shafts for a 24-thread repeat, and 16 shafts and picks) and suggests colour arrangements, stripes, and turning the draft to get a second pattern. The first page also carries the end of a separate text on plain weave, covering loom behaviour with a shed closed early, the movable whip roll, and typical plain-weave fabrics.

A short article from Master Weaver (No. 15, May 1954) explaining waffle weave, which it equates with industrial honeycomb. It classifies waffle weaves as single or double and as single-face or double-face, and discusses nine drafts (Figs. 1-9) for four and five harnesses, including huckaback-based threadings. It also covers the distortion of squares, asymmetrical drafts, and float strength. A preceding paragraph gives a classroom exercise using graph paper and paper strips to help students link the draw-down to the actual weaving.

December 1962 issue of Warp and Weft, a monthly handweaving bulletin published in McMinnville, Oregon. It features a 4-harness waffle weave drapery fabric called "Song of Spring," with a tie-up for jack and counterbalanced looms, threading, yarns, reed, a simplified treadling, and a cost breakdown ($2.74 per yard). It also includes an editor's column, reviews of the books Rug Weaving and Notes on Carpet Knotting and Weaving, a note on the place-mat cover, and pages of classified and display advertising for weaving supplies.

September 1949 issue of the Chicago handweaving newsletter Warp & Weft, edited by Gladys Rogers Brophil. It includes a short piece on Hopi, Navajo and Zuni weaving with a key of Navajo pictographic symbols, and a reversible waffle weave sample attributed to Berta Frey, with a 4-shaft threading, 5-treadle tie-up and treadling in 5/2 perle cotton. Other items cover when a tabby is needed in overshot weaving, a fall fashion report translated for handweavers, a question on wool and linen shrinkage, literary quotations, short trivia, and advertisements for a large-eye steel heddle and color cards.

Part one of a German trade-journal article by M. Loescher on designing pullover fabrics in 1927. It explains that Hahnentritt (houndstooth-like), windmill and ice weaves, which are variants of waffle weave, dominated the season. It shows how to build them on point paper by alternating warp and weft floats, and how different warp and weft color arrangements produce checks and stripes from one weave. A 12-shaft example in black and white is described, with sketches a-i and pattern drawings I-IV. The scan also includes parts of two other articles: the end of a piece on a Jacquard card-saving device for Gobelin picture weaving (Max Goll) and a piece on machine-made wire heddles.

March 1976 issue of the Weavers Guild of Minnesota newsletter. It announces the March program on warp painting with natural dyes, a frame loom workshop, a repeat Peruvian textiles museum workshop, and April workshops with Nell Znamierowski. It also carries board and treasurer reports, planning committee survey results, columns on natural dye lightfastness testing, rigid heddle frame looms and baskets, a Swatch Page on waffle weave with four- and eight-harness drafts and sample photos, school news, exhibits, a recipe, a Guild school history chapter, a Turkey crafts tour notice, and classified ads.

August 1955 issue of the Shuttle Craft Guild Handweaver's Bulletin (Portfolio Edition) devoted to the waffle weave. It explains the structure of waffle cloth, how to derive a draft and tie-up from a texture diagram, and gives 4-, 5- and 8-harness waffle drafts with rising-shed tie-ups. It also covers designing with waffle weave (materials, sett, take-up, color effects, coat fabric, towels), an article on Dorothea Hulse's imaginative panel WATER, an explanation of tie-up conventions, and the Threadbender newsletter. Mounted woven samples are shown on the final pages.

January 1959 issue (Vol. XII, No. 1) of Warp and Weft, a monthly handweaving newsletter from Robin & Russ Handweavers of Santa Barbara, California. The featured project is a four-shaft waffle weave with a five-color 10/2 cotton warp and 5/2 perle cotton and 20/2 ramie wefts, intended for absorbent dish cloths. It includes the threading, tie-up, treadling, reed and cost details, plus a report on the Portland Handweavers Guild's annual tea and sale, a review of Monsterblad Folio No. 12 on Swedish linen weaving, a cover photograph contest, and classified and display advertising for yarns, looms and supplies.

January 1984 issue of Warp & Weft, a monthly published by Robin & Russ Handweavers of McMinnville, Oregon. It includes the editor's account of a trip to England to visit bobbin lace publisher Ruth Bean and buy antique lace bobbins, a cover note on an alpaca monk's belt jacket and hat, and the monthly fabric sample "Cherry Jubilee", a waffleweave-based cotton cloth with a tie-up, threading, treadling, yarn details and cost per yard. Book reviews cover Noemi Speiser's The Manual of Braiding and Carol Strickler's A Portfolio of American Coverlets, volumes 3-5. The rest is yarn classified ads and a marketplace page of weaving and lace books.

Partial run of Volume 23 of Drafts and Designs, a monthly guide to 5- to 12-harness weaves published by Robin & Russ Handweavers of McMinnville, Oregon. The issues here (Nos. 2-7, 9 and 10, October 1980 to June 1981) each present one sample fabric with warp and weft yarns, reed, threading and tie-up drafts, treadling, and yarn and fabric costs. Samples include an 8-shaft waffle weave, Swedish lace on 8 shafts (twice), a 6-shaft basket/overshot combination, an 8-shaft imitation damask in two colorways, a 6-shaft basket-weave plaid, and an 8-shaft twill variation in linen. The issues also carry workshop and tour notices and a correction of a tie-up error.

Issue of a small handweaving newsletter published by Mary Pendleton in Sedona, Arizona. It includes an editorial on the value of weaving conferences, a report on the Southern California Handweavers' Conference, a waffle weave sample with threading, tie-up and treadling variations, and a netting and shadow weave linen dress project by Michael Concannon. Other items cover loom care, a guild workshop in Sun City, a wall hanging woven with mementos, vegetal dye fastness, and instructors for the Pendleton Fabric Craft School. Advertisements for yarns, record sheets and local businesses fill the last page.

Two projects by Norma R. Johnson published as a Lily Mills leaflet. The Paper Doll Wall-Hanging is a 10-harness Summer and Winter design that weaves small figures (little girls and boys, pine trees, a Guatemalan girl, a jumping boy, an 8-pointed star with cross) on a plain ground. It gives the warp and weft yarns, threading plan, tie-up, and unit-by-unit treadling for finger lever and foot treadle looms. The Upside-Down Mat is a 4-harness waffle-weave place mat in white, black and red cotton, with a threading plan, color sequence and shrinkage notes.

A one-page note from Master Weaver (February 1952) on weaving terminology. It argues that Honeycomb and Waffle are the same weave and that the Swedish "hålkrus" is not honeycomb, suggesting the French "ondulé" as a better equivalent and giving a hålkrus draft. It then distinguishes Dornick weave (the original turned twill from Dornoch, Scotland) from Dornick twill (herringbone twill), with small pattern grids for each.

September 1972 issue of the monthly Warp & Weft from Robin & Russ Handweavers, McMinnville, Oregon. It includes the editor's column on summer activities, price increases, new yarns and an upcoming buying trip to Europe, plus a review of Eileen Bolton's Lichens for Vegetable Dyeing. The weaving sample, "Creamy Pink," is a four-shaft honeycomb/waffle weave derived from twill, with tie-up, threading, 24-shot treadling sequence, yarn details and a cost breakdown per yard. The issue closes with a cover photograph note on a Milliken patchwork fabric designed by Eloise Cunningham, classified ads for yarns, books and equipment, and a marketplace page with loom and book advertisements.

Spring 1963 issue of The Shuttle, a newsletter from the January and Wood Co. of Maysville, Kentucky, aimed at rug weavers on 2- and 4-harness looms. Alice K. Cripps urges weavers to use up leftover warp, filler, old hose, towels, and clothing, with ten photographed rug and bag samples and notes on shuttles, colors, and fillers. It also gives a "Color Conscious" all-colored warp pattern with sectional warping figures, and Leonard K. Oliver's directions for waffle weave on a two-harness loom using a dowel and three sheds. Reader letters cover loop fringes, tearing and joining rags, hose rugs, centering the reed, and weaving tips, with profiles of weavers such as Rev. Ryan, Alex Porter, and Mrs. Rousseau.

January 1957 issue (Vol. XXXIV, No. 1) of the Shuttle Craft Bulletin, the Portfolio Edition, devoted to jaspé (ikat, tie-and-dye resist) weaving. Harriet Tidball's lead article covers jaspé textiles from Turkestan, Mexico, Guatemala, Japan and Okinawa, preparing tie-dye weft skeins, weaving borders, designing with weft jaspé, and combining jaspé with overshot patterns, with a Mary Meigs Atwater reprint from March 1943. Other items include Elmer Hickman's four-harness Waffle Lace with drafts, a book review column by Boris Veren, a sampling article by Grayce Perk, a fashion report on handwoven dinner skirts, and the Loom-Side Market with supplier notes and a directory of handweaving services.

The concluding part of M. Loescher's article on designing patterns for pullover fabrics, from Melliand's Textilberichte, 1927. It discusses weave diagrams Abb. 24-30 (houndstooth-type, rib and waffle weaves), shaft and pick counts for repeats, and the use of Jacquard versus dobby looms. It also covers colour arrangements in warp and weft, the use of rayon in the weft, cotton warps, fabric widths, prices and finishing. The scan ends with the start of a separate article by Richard Hünlich on reinforcing or thickening fabrics with extra warps or wefts and on analysing them.

Lesson 2 of the series "Problems in Teaching" explains how to make a draw-down from the threading, tie-up and treadling drafts. It gives a step-by-step reading of a four-frame draft pick by pick, and suggests a paper-strip exercise to help students connect the draft to the cloth on the loom. The issue also has a short section on waffle weaves (honeycomb), covering single and double waffles, single and double face, four- and five-frame drafts, and huckaback-based threadings.

A partial run of Drafts and Designs, Volume 25 (1982-1983), a monthly guide of fabric samples for 5 to 12 harness looms from Robin & Russ Handweavers. The issues present are numbers 1-4 and 7-10. Each issue gives a threading and tie-up draft, treadling sequence, reed and sett, yarns used, cost per yard of warp and weft, and notes on the fabric and its uses. Patterns include London Look, Forest Park, Winter Blackberry Leaves, Meander, Fronds, Trellis, Tropicana Orange and Melon Patch.

Mary Atwater surveys the possibilities of the six-harness loom, including overshot, Bronson, mock leno, summer and winter and other weaves, then concentrates on small "fabric" threadings for texture rather than pattern. Page 2 has a diagram of 24 tie-ups and threadings (a)-(s), and the text gives tie-up and treadling directions for each, such as plain twill, corkscrew twill, double-faced twill, shepherd's check, bird's-eye, herringbone, waffle and basket weave. She advises on tie-up conventions for jack looms, choice of materials, warp setting, sampling and washing for yardage weaving.

A one-page item from Master Weaver (No. 9, May 1953) that ends a series of weave descriptions with notes on corduroy, a weft-pile fabric, covering wefts, treadle use, cutting the floats, and loom requirements. It then advises on reusing tie-ups for several weaves and on teaching order. A short Weaving Terminology section defines the old weaving-fault names blotch or scobb (weft floats where the shuttle missed warp threads) and jisp or shire (uneven beating), with word origins.

An article from Master Weaver No. 17 on creating three-dimensional, irregular texture in handwoven fabrics. It reviews trends in handweaving, then covers mixing yarns of different counts (16/2 cotton with candlewick), turned overshot, overshot and All-Over-Spot woven without pattern, huck, waffle, and mixing units or whole weaves in one draft. It ends with irregular chenille cutting for pile. Nine figures give warping plans, threading drafts, draw-downs, a tie-up and a photograph, with suggested treadlings.

A short teaching article from Master Weaver showing how a single 10 x 10 huckaback threading on four shafts can be used for ten different weaves by changing only the tie-up and treadling. It covers huckaback, turned huckaback, M's-and-O's, turned M's-and-O's, double waffle, huckaback lace, paper spot, overshot, bound overshot and corduroy, with draft figures and treadling sequences, plus notes on sett, borders, yarns and loom type. A short "Weaving Terminology" note on the old terms blotch, scobb and jisp ends the piece.

A short two-page article from Master Weaver explaining a shortcut for designing experimental fabrics on multiharness looms with straight threading and straight treadling. In that case the tie-up is identical to the draw-down, turned 90 degrees, so the weaver designs the cloth directly in the tie-up space. It walks through the steps on an 8-frame, 12-treadle loom, then shows 12-frame, 16-treadle examples (diamond twill, waffle, texture, a turned twill pattern weave, and a tabby-rich weave) with suggested uses. It also gives sampling advice and notes the method's limits for larger projects.

Concluding part of G. Lehmann's article on the technique of figured (damask) weaving, past and present. It describes how the Oskar Schleicher Greiz damask machine works, using a figure cylinder, turning knives and a plain harness to form the ground weave, and then a half-damask machine for fabrics with twill-bound borders and central fields. It opens with the end of a preceding passage on twill-bound tablecloth patterns, with repeat and shaft calculations. A second, unrelated article by M. Loescher on patterning pullover fabrics follows, covering ice, cock's-tread (houndstooth), windmill and waffle weaves, with small drawdown sketches.

Issue No. 15 (May 1954) of Master Weaver, a bulletin for handweavers published by Z-Handicrafts in Fulford, Quebec. It opens with an essay on what makes weaving truly modern, followed by a reprinted 1822 passage by Alexander Peddie on boiling and cleansing linen yarn. Technical articles cover colour arrangement in corduroy (weft pile), lifting plans, a two-harness method for crackle, summer-and-winter, swivel and embroidery weaves, a drafting lesson on how to make a draw-down, and waffle weaves. The issue also has an advertisement for weaving lessons and a description of the information service.

Winter 1985 issue of The Weaver's Journal, a quarterly for textile craftspeople, with a theme centered on handwoven clothing. Features include dobby loom manipulation of multi-harness weaves, a finishing method from an Amazonian bracelet, wrist-to-wrist garments, tablet-woven bands for garments, pulled-warp loom-shaped clothing, mounting and care of textiles, a waffle-weave summer vest, liturgical vestments, Tied Lithuanian, cut-and-sew mittens, a tailored vest and skirt, man-made fibers, and the Doublejack device for floating selvedges. Also includes a profile of the tapestries and rugs of Märta Måås-Fjetterström, fashion trends, book and product reviews, calendar, classifieds, and many advertisements.

An article from the Shuttle-Craft Bulletin explaining how multiple-harness handweavers can read the square-diagram draft notation used in professional and industrial weaving books. It walks through finding the repeat, numbering threads and shots, reading the tie-up, and converting a sinking-shed tie-up to a rising-shed one, using a worked example of a 10-harness braided twill from Hauptmann. Further figures interpret sample diagrams from Oelsner, Poma, Strong and Watson, including fancy, broken, uneven, combination and waffle weave twills.

An article from Master Weaver (June 1952) explaining how to weave lace effects with huckaback, using 6x6 and 10x10 huck threadings on a counterbalanced loom. It covers threading and treadling drafts, tie-ups, edge treatments, slaying (reed denting) sequences, multi-block patterns on eight frames, simplified tie-ups, colour choice and beating. A short note on weaving terminology follows, clarifying the names Halkrus, honeycomb and waffle, with a quoted comment from Marguerite Davison.

A 1966 weaving folio by Elmer Wallace Hickman with instruction sheets for 20 hand-woven fabrics for stoles, scarves, throws, winter bonnets, jackets and quesquemitls. Each project gives the warp and weft yarns, reed and sleying, threading draft and treadling, mostly for 4-harness looms using new mohair, Orlon, acrylic and knitting yarns. It also includes a cover letter, a list of swatches, a 'Tabby Talk' section with weaving tips and yarn suppliers, and sketches and notes for making the garments.

Berta Frey describes the weaver's trick of transposing threading and treadling drafts, so that a draft turned on its side gives the same cloth. She uses it to sample colored warps on a weft-yarn sample loom and to weave warp-faced bands and belts on huck threading in place of slow weft-faced bound weaving. Samples give yarns, colors, sett and the 112-end belt warp, with drafts and photographs of the samples. A short author biography closes the piece.

An article from Master Weaver arguing that handweavers with eight-shaft looms should transcribe four- and five-frame drafts onto eight frames. Spreading the warp over more frames reduces friction and broken ends, especially with high setts, and gives more variation through changes of tie-up. It shows conversions of Bronson lace, summer and winter, and two-block rep, plus eight-frame versions of five-frame diamond twills and waffle weave. The last page gives 22 basic tie-ups (A-W) for plain-sequence threading on 8 frames, covering tabby, basket weaves, many twill ratios, and others.

Issue No. 9 (May 1953) of Master Weaver, a bi-monthly bulletin for handweavers published by Z-Handicrafts in Fulford, Quebec. It covers shuttle design and shuttle-races, double weaves with stitched layers and quilt weaves (with drafts and a couch cover project), and a lesson on weaving ten different structures on one huckaback threading. It also has a short glossary of old weaving fault terms and plans for building a heck-block for a horizontal warping mill. A Leclerc loom advertisement is on the inside cover.

Issue No. 4 (June 1952) of Master Weaver, a bi-monthly bulletin for handweavers published by Z-Handicrafts in Fulford, Quebec. It contains an essay on the meanings of 'texture' in weaving, with a worked example of designing a woven window blind. It also has an article on huckaback lace with drafts for 6x6 and 10x10 huck on counterbalanced looms, a note on the Honeycomb, Waffle and Halkrus terminology, and a description of the clasped-weft technique. A further article reviews short-draft notation for twill, overshot, spot weaves, summer and winter, crackle, lace, huckaback and turned twills. The issue ends with an advertisement for the Encyclopedia of Hand-Weaving and a notice of the information service.

Issue of a Canadian handweaving bulletin published by Nilus Leclerc Inc. It contains a technical article on choosing warp sett, with a formula and a chart of minimum sett for cotton, linen and wool. A second article shows weaves from one 10x10 huckaback threading: huckaback, turned huckaback, M's-and-O's, turned M's-and-O's, double waffle and huckaback lace. The issue also has Drafting lesson 5 on borders and selvedges, a worked threading example, a satinet (1:3 broken twill) draft sheet, Questions and Answers, an index of volume 1, and encyclopedia entries from Circular weave to Coppin. Advertisements for looms, yarn suppliers and the Nilus loom fill the rest.

An issue of Master Weaver, a bulletin for handweavers published by Z-Handicrafts in Fulford, Quebec. It contains an editorial against advertising that calls weaving easy, an article on weaving coded messages using block patterns, and a piece on three-dimensional texture weaving with irregular yarn mixes, mixed-weave drafts and chenille. It also includes a teaching lesson on drafting symmetrical treadling variations (the 'rose' variation) and an article on Hälkrus (lacey weave or colonial honeycomb), with drafts and drawdowns.

Bound volume of Loom Music for 1959 (Vol. XVI), a Canadian monthly handweaving bulletin by Mary Sandin (Edmonton) and Ethel Henderson (Winnipeg). Issues cover table linens and place mats (Swedish lace, Barleycorn lace), a classified bibliography of about 116 weaving books and guild bulletins, clothing weaves (log cabin, huck, waffle, herringbone, point twill), upholstery, and experimental Bronson and Hooser lace treadlings on 4-harness overshot. Later issues cover handbags, a Banff School of Fine Arts summer report with a wool suit and topcoat length, wall hangings and rugs (inlay, Finnish hanging, rug knot), a survey of a versatile draft, and a review of Zielinski's Encyclopedia of Hand Weaving, ending with an annual index. Many pages carry drafts, tie-ups and treadling instructions, along with swatch photographs.

Issue No. 2 (February 1952) of Master Weaver, a bi-monthly bulletin for handweavers published by Z-Handicrafts in Fulford, Quebec. It has articles on analysing fabrics by draw-down (finding the threading, tie-up and treadling from a sample), on technical perfection in handweaving, and on single spot weaves, including lace, huck-on-spot, single-face and turned floats. It also gives 31 Scottish pattern twill drafts for 5 to 16 shafts adapted from John Murphy's 1833 book, notes on colours in summer-and-winter, and notes on terminology (honeycomb, waffle and hålkrus; dornick twill and dornick weave). It ends with the rules of the magazine's information service.

Spring 1983 issue of The Weaver's Journal, themed on designing textiles for interior spaces. It features a series on rep weave (warp-faced and weft-faced) with projects by several weavers, an introductory article on computers for weavers, and articles on rug weaving by Barbara Hand and Anne Brooke. Other items include a quick thick Summer and Winter rug, a handwoven wedding chuppa, four-shaft double weaves, double weave pick-up, color in summer and winter, enlarged patterns in waffle weave and Dukagang, table tapestries, plaited twills, a baby blanket and a dyed cotton overshot rug. Also includes fashion trends, book and product reviews, study opportunities, and many advertisements.

Archive of the WeaveTech email discussion list for October 2000, compiled from daily Topica digests (issues 441 to 485). Topics include selling from a home studio and pricing handwoven work, AVL looms and accessories, the Baby Wolf loom, moving a loom, inkle looms and the definition of rep, weaving with chenille and worming problems, Swedish weaving books, Jamtland weaving, and the HGA Certificate of Excellence examination. Also covered are warping wheels, leno selvedges, waffle weave, double-width rag rugs, buying and selling weaving magazines, and Palm-based dobby software. It is a text-only record of list messages with no weaving drafts.

September 1952 issue of the Shuttle Craft Guild's monthly bulletin (Portfolio Edition, with mounted fabric samples), published in Virginia City, Montana by Harriet and Martin Tidball. It continues the classification of handloom weaves with Class IV (the unit weaves, including Summer and Winter, Bergman, Combination, Atwater/Bronson Lace and warp-pattern weaves, double twill, double weave pattern, damask) and Class V (texture contrast weaves such as spot weave, Swedish lace, huck, canvas, waffle, M's and O's). It also includes an article on spaced-warp stoles, a history of the Shuttle Craft Guild and its transfer from Mary Meigs Atwater to Harriet Tidball, and a directory of US yarn and equipment dealers for handweavers.