An encyclopedia article describing the loom as the machine for weaving, with a short note on its history from ancient hand looms to Cartwright's power loom of 1787. It explains the principle of plain weaving and the parts of a simple hand loom: frame, warp beam and cloth beam, healds, shed, reed and batten, treadles. It also covers the shuttle and shuttle races and shows a power loom. Six figures illustrate the frame, warp, healds, shed, shuttle and power loom.