Second instalment of W. H. Booth's series on the modern cotton spinning factory, covering the preparatory machinery after scutching: carding, combing, drawing, and slubbing and roving. It explains how roller and revolving flat carding engines work, card clothing manufacture, the sliver lap, ribbon lap and Heilmann combing machines, drawing frames with their stop motions, and the speed frames with flyers and differential bobbin drive. It is illustrated with photographs of machines from Platt Bros., Dobson & Barlow and Howard & Bullough, and of mills in England, Brazil, Canada and Italy. The article is continued in a later part on the final spinning processes.