A paper read by Mme. Van Schelle to the Needle and Bobbin Club on January 22, 1917, on the economic and social condition of Belgian lace-making during World War I. She draws on a Belgian government report (St. Louis, 1904) and on B. S. Rowntree's Land and Labor: Lessons from Belgium (1910). Topics include the number of lace-makers, the roles of manufacturer, middleman and convent, the lace schools, piece-work wages, long hours, child labor, and weak primary education. She considers how postwar conditions may affect the industry. Illustrations show a lace-making class at Papenvoort and an old gauffering machine used for crimping lace on peasants' caps.