Encyclopedia article on amianthus (mountain flax), a fibrous, incombustible mineral related to asbestos. It covers physical characteristics, localities, behavior under heat and acids, and chemical analyses by Bergman. It also gives the history of spinning and weaving the fibers into fireproof cloth, used for Roman funeral shrouds, along with Mahudel's method for preparing the cloth, incombustible paper, and lamp wicks.