Encyclopedia article on the merino, the Spanish sheep breed prized for its fine wool, and on the textile uses of the name. It covers the word's origin, the sheep's characteristics, its spread from Africa to Spain, Europe, America and Australasia, and the main breeds (Rambouillet, Negretti, Delaine, Vermont). It closes with the varied trade meanings of 'merino' in wool, dress-goods, knitting and hosiery, including its confusion with cashmere.