An encyclopedia article on the history of the sewing machine, from Thomas Saint's 1790 English patent through the inventions of Hunt, Howe, Wilson, Singer, Grover & Baker, and Willcox & Gibbs. It covers key mechanisms such as the eye-pointed needle, lock-stitch, shuttle and feed motions, the patent litigation and the 1856 combination of the major companies, and specialized industrial machines. It ends with United States production statistics for 1900.