A short 1877 note from The Manufacturer and Builder on the commercial history of cotton waste and jute. It traces cotton card-room sweepings from worthless refuse to a trade of 700,000 tons that supplies re-spinning, engine cleaning and paper-making. It also covers the growth of jute from Bengal gunny-bag fiber into a material woven with silk, cotton, wool and cocoa-nut fiber, with consumption and value figures over 25 years.