Copy of Eli Whitney's 1794 US patent for the cotton gin, a machine that separates cotton fibre from seeds. It includes two sheets of patent drawings, a certification signed by James Madison as Secretary of State in 1803, and Whitney's written description of the frame, toothed cylinder, breastwork, brush cleaner and hopper. It also gives construction details such as wire tooth making, wood choice, and the belt and whirl drive. It ends with a notary's oath of inventorship dated October 1793.