A short introductory article by Ralph Griswold explaining block substitution, a system in which each cell of a pattern is repeatedly replaced in parallel by a small block of cells, producing complex fractal patterns from simple rules. It works through a 2x2 black/white example and a subdivision view that yields the Morse-Thue carpet, noting its use as a non-repeating weave. It also notes the limits on the number of 2x2 rule systems and points to larger blocks and more colors in later parts.