Encyclopedia entry on crinoline, explaining the name's origin from Latin words for hair and flax and its first use for a stiff horsehair fabric. It traces the history of skirt-distending fashions from the Elizabethan farthingale and the eighteenth-century hoop petticoat to the steel-hoop crinolines of the mid-nineteenth century and their collapse around 1866. It ends by noting that by the late nineteenth century the term meant a glue-stiffened cotton gauze sold to milliners and dressmakers.