Encyclopedia article on coal-tar (aniline) dyes from the New International Encyclopedia. It covers the history of the synthetic dye industry from Runge and Perkin's mauve to artificial alizarin and indigo, how the dyes are classified by chemical constitution (azo, triphenylcarbinol, quinone, diphenylamine, indigo), and how they are made and applied to fibres. It ends with an alphabetical list of commercial coal-tar colors with formulas and manufacturing methods, plus a bibliography.