A one-page encyclopedia article describing coal tar, the black oily by-product of making illuminating gas from soft coal. It explains the fractional distillation of the tar into first runnings, light oil, carbolic oil, creosote oil, anthracene oil and pitch, and the products from each (benzene, naphtha, phenols, naphthalene, anthracene). It notes that anthracene is used to make alizarin dyes, which replaced madder root.