Encyclopedia article on madder (Rubia tinctorum) from Rees's Cyclopaedia. It covers the agricultural cultivation of the plant (soils, sets, planting, weeding, harvesting, kiln drying, milling, seed saving, and an acre cost-and-profit estimate), with comments on the English market versus Dutch imports. It also treats madder's medicinal uses and its colouring of animal bones, the Dutch and Turkish preparation of the root, chemical experiments on its dye with alum, alkalis and metallic salts, and methods for making madder lakes (Englefield, Margraaf).