Encyclopedia article on tartan, a worsted cloth woven with colored warp and weft stripes in set sequences, and its association with Scottish Highland dress. It covers the term's etymology, early documentary references from 1471 to 1703, the post-1745 acts prohibiting Highland dress (repealed 1782), and doubts about the authenticity of clan setts. It closes with brief color descriptions of the tartans of about twenty clans and a short list of references.