A 1909 address by silk manufacturer Howell Cheney, reprinted in a 1911 debaters' handbook, arguing that textile mills, particularly silk mills, gain nothing from employing children under fifteen where work is continuous machine tending. He distinguishes work where restriction rather than prohibition is appropriate (doffers, bobbin boys, booth tenders), discusses opposition to an eight-hour day for fourteen to sixteen year olds, and examines parents' and schools' roles in sending children to work. He concludes that higher educational and physical qualifications and better industrial training in the schools are the real safeguards.