A July 1998 discussion paper by Brian Lemin speculating on why England developed the thin East Midland bobbin and why it came to be spangled. He reviews references to bone as the first lace bobbins (Palliser, Yallop, Whiting, Tornehave, Morris) and argues that English bobbins stayed thin because they were made of bone. He then weighs several explanations for spangles, including preventing rolling, thread untwisting, thread quality, and flatter English pillows. It ends with a summary, a call for further discussion, and an annotated reference list.