US Patent No. 1,444,590, granted 6 February 1923 to Silvio Benigno Crespi of Milan, for an electromagnetically driven circular weaving loom. Three sheets of drawings show elevation, plan, section and shuttle details. The specification describes a fixed circular reed forming the shuttle race, a soft iron ring that closes the magnetic circuit, and a shuttle carrying a closing-up wheel that acts as the beater. Vertical extensions on the reed dents shelter the inner warp threads while the shuttle passes. The loom produces tubular cloth that rises through a square-section tube, with warp beams at the bottom and cloth beams at the top.

US Patent 1,418,239, granted 30 May 1922 to Silvio Benigno Crespi of Milan, for a circular loom and weaving process. The shuttle runs continuously in one direction around a circular race, drawn by electromagnets, and the reed beat is replaced by a guide on the shuttle that presses the weft into place. The loom weaves tubular fabric that is cut into several pieces. The document has two sheets of drawings, a description of the construction and operation, and two claims.