A 1909 paper by Margaret F. Byington describing family life in Homestead, Pennsylvania, a steel-mill town near Pittsburgh, based on a six-month cost-of-living investigation. It examines how a single dominant industry shapes family structure: men as sole breadwinners, women at home, and sons entering the mill. It also covers wages, household budgets, housing, overcrowding among Slavic immigrant lodgers, long shifts, and the lack of amusements and labor organization. It concludes that low wages and long hours keep families from realizing their ideals.

A 1909 paper by Margaret F. Byington describing family life in Homestead, Pennsylvania, a steel-mill town near Pittsburgh dominated by a single industry. Drawing on a six-month cost-of-living investigation, it covers wages, household budgets, the roles of women and children, Slavic lodgers and overcrowded housing, long hours, and the lack of labor organization. It concludes that the nature of the dominant industry shapes family type and limits families' ability to achieve their ideals.