US patent No. 40,520, granted to James P. Travers of New York on November 3, 1863, for a method of sizing and finishing jute twine. The sizing is made of glue, water, starch, tallow and china-clay, boiled and applied warm. The twine is then finished by passing it over heated pipes, friction-brushes and hair ropes. The claim is for using this treatment so that jute twine can substitute for cotton wrapping-twine.