US Patent 3,727,580 (granted 17 April 1973) describes an automated apparatus for rearing silkworms, developed by Japanese inventors and assigned to Ganze Limited and Takeda Chemical Industries. Rearing units, each a feeding tray with a net on top, move through elevator conveyors, a multi-shelf rearing frame, pushers, loaders, unloaders and a carriage that returns the nets for reuse. The text gives the background, 16 figure descriptions, a worked embodiment with two rows of frames, a prepared artificial diet recipe, a rearing example (240,000 fifth-instar silkworms yielding about 440 kg of cocoons) and 8 claims. Eight sheets of line drawings accompany it.