Textile Documents › Publications › Publication: Grande Encyclopédie Inventaire Raisonné des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts

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Tissage [Weaving]
Tissage [Weaving]
Article · 5 pages · French · weaving drafts
An encyclopedia article on the technique of weaving (Tissage, section II) from the Grande Encyclopédie. It describes the hand loom and its three basic actions (shedding, passing the weft, beating up), the harness with heddles, treadles and levers, the dobby (mécanique d'armure) and Jacquard mechanisms, and works through a bird's-eye (oeil de mouche) towel with chevron borders as a draft example. It closes with the history and operation of the power loom, covering the regulator, the picking mechanism, cam-driven treadles, multiple-shuttle boxes and safety devices.
Tisserand [Weaver]
Tisserand [Weaver]
Article · 1 page · French
A one-page French encyclopedia entry on the weaver (tisserand). It covers the historical association of weaving with women in Greek and Roman households, the terminology for weavers and weaving workshops, and the medieval Paris guild statutes of Etienne Boileau (1281). It also describes the working conditions of the modern linen weaver, including damp cellar workshops, and the decline of the village weaver.
Tissu [Fabric]
Tissu [Fabric]
Article · 7 pages · French · weaving drafts
Encyclopedia article "Tissu" (fabric) from the French Grande Encyclopédie, mainly on the textile industry. It explains warp, weft, and weave structure (armure), and how weaves are notated on point paper (mise en carte). It surveys the fundamental weaves (plain, twill/croisé, satin), their derivatives (cannelé, natté, chevron, lozenge, honeycomb, openwork, brillanté), double-face and double cloth, supplementary warps and wefts for brocading, matelassé and piqué, and damask design. Illustrated with small weave diagrams. It closes with French and world textile production statistics for 1840-1896, a short section on tissue in anatomy and physiology, and a long bibliography on textiles and weaving.
Tulle [Netting]
Tulle [Netting]
Article · 2 pages · French
French encyclopedia entry on tulle, the light machine-made net used as imitation lace. It covers the mesh types (ordinary, Malines, Brussels), the history from William Lee's 1586 stocking frame to the introduction of the industry at Calais in 1816, and the later bobbin-net and Jacquard machines. It also describes how the net is formed from warp and oblique bobbin threads, the workers and wages at Calais, the main production centres in France, England and Belgium, and 1900 export and import figures.
Velours [Velvet]
Velours [Velvet]
Article · 2 pages · French
A French encyclopedia article on velvet (velours) describing its history, construction and varieties. It explains how warp-pile velvet is woven over grooved rods and cut with a knife, and how looped (frisé/épinglé), figured, ribbed and other velvets are made. It then covers silk, cotton, wool and Utrecht velvets, hand versus mechanical weaving, double-piece looms, production centers (Lyon, Krefeld, Bradford, Amiens) with 1900 Lyon figures, and care of crushed velvet.
5 documents found

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