A mid-19th-century magazine article on whether India can replace American cotton, whose supply was cut off by the Civil War, for British mills. It explains why Indian cotton was disliked (dirt, adulteration, short staple), compares the ryot's costs and profits for cotton and jawarree, and describes the main growing districts and the experimental crops at Nagpore and the Soonderbunds. It argues for European supervision, guaranteed purchases at about 6d. per pound, and better railway and river transport.