An address by Dr. H. J. Webber of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, delivered at the Short Course at the A. & M. College in Stillwater, Oklahoma, on January 9, 1906, and printed in the Oklahoma Territorial Board of Agriculture's biennial report. It explains how farmers can breed and improve cotton by variety testing, selecting superior plants, combing seed to judge lint length, ginning plants separately, and growing isolated plant-to-row breeding patches with pedigree numbering. Illustrations show a cotton picking scene and plates of seed and lint demonstrating increased fiber length across selection generations.